exclu
Enfin le visage, ou le corps du despote ou du dieu, a comme un cotre-corps : le corps du supplicié, ou, mieux encore, de l’exclu. Que ces deux corps communiquent, c’est certain, puisqu’il arrive que le corps du despote soit soumis à des épreuves d’humiliation et même de supplice, ou d’exil et d’exclusion. « A l’autre pôle, on pourrait imaginer de placer le corps d condamné, il a lui aussi son statut juridique, il suscite son cérémonial (…) non point pour fonder le plus de pouvoir qui affectait la personne du souverain, mais pour coder le moins de pouvoir dont sont marqués ceux qu’on soumet à une punition. Dans la région la plus sombre du champ politique, le condamné dessine la figure symétrique et inversée du roi*. » Le supplicié, c’est d’abord celui qui perd son visage, et qui entre dans un devenir-animal, dans un devenir-moléculaire dont on disperse les cendres aux vents. Mais on dirait que le supplicié n’est pas du tout le terme ultime, c’est au contraire le premier pas avant l’exclusion. Œdipe au moins l’avait compris. Il se supplicie, crève ses yeux, puis s’en va.
Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Mille plateaux, Paris, Les éditions de minuit, 1980, pp. 145-146.
* Foucault, Surveiller et punir, p. 33.
Finally, the face or body of the despot or god has something like a counterbody: the body of the tortured, or better, of the excluded. There is no question that these two bodies communicate, for the body of the despot is sometimes subjected to trials of humiliation or even torture, or of exile and exclusion. “At the opposite pole one might imagine placing the body of the condemned man; he, too, has his legal status; he gives rise to his own ceremonial… not in order to ground the surplus power possessed by the person of the sovereign, but in order to code the lack of power with which those subjected to punishment are marked. In the darkest region of the political field the condemned man outlines the symmetrical, inverted figure of the king.”** The one who is tortured is fundamentally one who loses his or her face, entering into a becoming-animal, a becoming-molecular the ashes of which are thrown to the wind. But it appears that the one who is tortured is not at all the final term, but rather the first step before exclusion. Oedipus, at least, understood that. He tortured himself, gouged out his own eyes, then went away.
Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, A thousand plateaus, translation and foreword by Brian Massumi, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, London, 1987, pp. 136-137 (version PDF).
** Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith (New York: Vintage, 1975), p. 29 [translation modified].








